Madonna Lily

This genus of about 100 species of bulbous perennials is found throughout temperate parts of the northern hemisphere. Most are grown as ornamentals, and Lilium candidum is one of the few species with medicinal uses. It was recorded by Pliny as a cure for foot complaints and skin problems, but is seldom used today because of its scarcity. Lilium candidum can be unpredictable in cultivation and will thrive only when conditions are exactly right. Its white flowers are a symbol of purity associated with the Virgin Mayr; in pre-Christian times, it was sacred to Juno, consort of Jupiter and queen of heaven. Various lilies have edible bulbs and are important as vegetables in parts of China and Japan (where they are cultivated for the purpose), and among native N Americans. Several Chinese species, including L. concolor, are used in traditional medicine for bronchial complaints.

Perennial with pale yellow, scaly bulbs, and dark maroon stems, bearing lanceolate leaves, to 3in (7cm) long. Up to 20 pure white, fragrant, trumpet-shaped flowers, yellow inside at the base, are borne in summer.

Common Name:	Madonna Lily
Botanical Name:	Lilium candidum
Genus:	Lilium
Family:	Liliaceae
Native Location:	SE Europe, E Mediterranean
Cultivation:	Well-drained alkaline soil in sun, with the bulb just below the surface. Prone to Botrytis infection and viruses; resents disturbance.
Propagation:	By seed sown when ripe; by scales and offsets when dormant in spring.
Harvest:	Bulbs are lifted in late summer, and flowers picked as they open; they are used fresh for juice, ointments, tinctures, or may be frozen for later use.
Height:	1-1.8m (3-6ft)
Hardiness:	Z4-9
Parts Used:	Bulbs, flowers
Properties:	An astringent, mucilaginous herb that heals damaged or irritated tissues.
Medicinal Uses:	Externally for burns, abscesses, chapped or inflamed skin, chilblains, ulcers, and hair loss.
Bibliography:	Encylopedia of Herbs by Deni Brown Copyright ©: 1995, 2001 Dorling Kindersley Limited pg 262