Sphagnum Moss

This genus consists of about 100 species of bog mosses, found in wet bogs from tropical to Arctic and sub-Antarctic regions. The absorbent sponge-like tissues are important in regulating water loss from various habitats. Decomposed sphagnum is a major component of peat, known for its preservative properties, which has been exploited as a soil conditioner and basis for potting mixes by the horticultural industry. Bog mosses have a long history of use by Eskimos, Lapps, Kashmiris, and Gaelic peoples for absorbent and antiseptic purposes, such as for menstruation, babies' diapers, and as a stable litter. Sphagnum dressings have also been widely used in military field hospitals. Sphagnum japonicum is used internally in a Chinese formula to treat epidemic dysentery. Extracts of decomposed peat moss, such as peat tar and sphagnol, are cheap and effective astringent, antibiotic, and anti-pruritic treatments for skin diseases and irritations.

Dense, clump-forming moss with pale yellow-green foliage, often tinged bright green or salmon -pink. Dark brown fruit capsules are produced in summer.

Common Name:	Sphagnum Moss
Other Names:	Bog Moss
Botanical Name:	Sphagnum cymbilifolium
Genus:	Sphagnum
Family:	Sphagnaceae
Native Location:	NW Europe
Cultivation:	Wet, acid soil in sun or partial shade.
Propagation:	By stem cuttings or division during the growing season.
Harvest:	Plants are collected as required and dried whole.
Height:	30cm (12in)
Width:	30cm (12in)
Hardiness:	Z4-8
Parts Used:	Whole plant
Properties:	An astringent, antiseptic, absorbent herb.
Medicinal Uses:	Externally for wounds and to absorb discharges.
Economic Uses:	Dried sphagnum is added to orchid soil mixes and used to line hanging baskets.
Warning:	Exploitation and wild-collection of Sphagnum species is subject to management measures in some areas.
Bibliography:	Encyclopedia of Herbs by Deni Brown Copyright © 1995, 2001 Dorling Kindersley Limited Pp 372-373