Tavoy cardamom

This genus includes some 90 species with aromatic rhizomes and reed-like stems that occur in SE Asia. Several species are known as cardamom, and are used for culinary and medicinal purposes, mainly for gastro-intestinal complaints. They have aromatic seeds but are not as pleasant in flavor as the true cardamom (Elettaria cardamomum, See cardamom). In Malaysia, the fruits of Amomum compactum syn. A. kepulaga (round cardamom) are used as a spice, and chewed as a breath freshener. The seeds of A. subulatum (greater cardamom, Nepal cardamom, brown/black cardamom) are widely used in Afghani cooking. They have a eucalyptus aroma and are used as a cheaper substitute for true cardamom. Amomum xanthioides (bastard cardamom) was first mentioned in Chinese medicine during the Ming dynasty (1368-1654). It contains a camphoraceous volatile oil that includes borneol, as in Rosmarinus officinalis (see rosemary).

Tender, rhizomatous perennial with reed-like stems to 3m (10ft) tall, and 2 rows of lanceolate leaves, about 35cm (14in) long. Orchid-like flowers are produced in dense spikes on short, leafy stalks near the base of the plant.

Common Name:	Tavoy cardamom
Other Names:	Grains of paradise, Bastard cardamom
Botanical Name:	Amomum xanthioides
Genus:	Amomum
Family:	Zingiberaceae
Native Location:	Worldwide
Cultivation:	Rich soil, with moisture and humidity in partial shade. Spider mite may attack plants under cover.
Propagation:	By division as new growth begins.
Harvest:	Seeds are harvested when ripe for use in decoctions and for food flavoring.
Hardiness:	Min. 18°C (64°F)
Parts Used:	Seeds (sha ren)
Properties:	An aromatic, warming herb that stimulates the appetite, relieves indigestion, and controls nausea and vomiting.
Medicinal Uses:	Internally for digestive disturbances, notably irritable bowel syndrome and pregnancy.
Culinary Uses:	Used as a substitute for true cardamom in flavoring food and liqueurs.
Bibliography:	Encyclopedia of Herbs by Deni Brown Copyright © 1995, 2001 Dorling Kindersley Limited Pp 118